To paraphrase: Results revealed that participants in the character evidence condition were more inclined to attribute the incident to the defendant’s conduct (or less inclined to attribute to the situation) than participants in the no character evidence condition. The researchers conducted a study using vignettes that provided character evidence or no character evidence to university law students and judges-to-be. “Legal scholars debate on which of these two systems is better…” (p. (2920), the European legal system relies on judges to arrive at verdicts, while the American system puts the responsibility in the hands of jurors: It makes jurors more likely to see the defendant as responsible.Īccording to Dominioni et al. Presenting evidence regarding the character of the defendant can lead jurors to commit a fundamental attribution error. “The overall effect size of the attributional bias was large (d = 0.96) and may represent one of the largest effect sizes demonstrated in psychological research on cognition to date” (p. The results of the meta-analysis were robust: They looked at studies of how much people provide positive internal attributions and negative external attributions. ![]() The researchers were able to calculate an effect size for each study, which is essentially an index of how strongly one variable effects another variable. (2004) conducted a meta-analysis of 266 studies on self-serving attributions. “One is inclined to attribute to oneself good things, but one suffers when one has to attribute to oneself something that is not so good…” (p. Heider (1976) believed the self-serving attributional bias was pervasive. In fact, being negative towards oneself is a depressive symptom and can be psychologically unhealthy. People have a basic psychological need to view themselves in a positive light. Jones drives by the local food bank and blames corrupt politicians and greedy corporations for moving all the jobs overseas.Ĭase Studies of Attribution Theory 1.
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